Book Review: Crucibles of Leadership
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Here's the Review in Brief for Crucibles of Leadership by Robert Thomas. See below for the Review in Depth and for Additional Resources.
How this book is different:
This book builds on earlier research on the importance of crucibles as leadership development experiences presented by Robert Thomas and Warren Bennis in their book, Geeks and Geezers.
Thomas has gone beyond that research and this book adds key findings to the original. There are two findings that I think tie an awful lot of research together.
First, a leader learns two kinds of lessons from a crucible experience. There are lessons about leadership and lessons about learning.
Second, leadership is a discipline where learning and practice intertwine. Leaders learn while they are practicing leadership. They practice leadership to learn. And both acts are conscious.
The big, important thing about this book is that it ties up a lot of material we already know about how individual leaders develop and how organizations can do a better job of helping them.
Strengths:
There is solid research here by a person who has spent a lifetime studying how leaders develop.
There are powerful insights into how great leaders use crucible experiences to grow and develop.
Warnings:
You will get more out of the book if you are familiar with Geeks and Geezers.
Bottom Line:
There are four key findings of Thomas' research, all well laid out in this book.
Crucibles contain two vital lessons, not just one. One lesson is about the content of the crucible and implications for leadership. The other is about how to learn and make sense of experience.
Practice can trump talent. This is a vital point in a time when raw talent is called the key to success.
Outstanding leaders devise a strategy for transforming crucibles into learning. They develop Personal Learning Strategies that guide their own development and which help them work with protégés and team members to draw learning out of crucible experiences.
Organizations can grow leaders faster and better by helping them learn from experience.
Now for the Review in Depth.
Once upon a time we believed that you could learn leadership from books and classes. Then, slowly, it dawned on the leadership development community that you can learn about leadership from a book or in class, but you learn leadership on the job.
Some of us call that the Apprenticeship Model. And the "academy companies" like GE, Pepsico, and P & G have taken to it with gusto. They've made developmental assignments a core part of their leadership development programs.
In 2002, Robert Thomas (the author of this book) and Warren Bennis discovered something else. They had set out to determine the differences and similarities between young leaders (geeks) and older leaders (geezers).
But the key finding of their book, Geeks and Geezers, turned out to be the importance of the defining moments that shape leaders. Thomas and Bennis called those moments "crucibles."
Crucibles are emotionally charged situations that produce great learning and growth in some leaders. This was something a lot of us knew intuitively, but no one had ever stated or supported with research.
Robert Thomas decided to dig deeper into the phenomenon of crucibles. This book shares the results of that research. There are four key findings.
Crucibles contain two vital lessons, not just one. The second lesson is how to learn.
Practice can trump talent.
Outstanding leaders devise a strategy for transforming crucibles into learning.
Organizations can grow leaders faster by helping them learn from experience.
The book is divided into three parts. The first, Experience Matters—But Then What? includes the first four chapters. You'll learn about why some people seem to thrive and grow during a crucible experience while others wither.
There's excellent material on how to learn from a crucible experience and turn it to good. This also where you'll learn about the three types of crucibles.
In part two, Crafting a Personal Learning Strategy, Thomas gets down to the business of teaching us how to learn to be better leaders. The idea is to learn the basic lessons from an experience that you can pass on to others. There are several self-assessments for you to use.
There's another finding here that's very powerful. For leaders, as for other practitioners of a performing art, learning and doing are often one and the same. While you are doing, you are learning. And you learn by performing.
The final major section of the book, The Big Picture, lays out the lessons that organizations can learn from this research when they put together their own leadership development programs.
This is an excellent book. It brings together a number of insights that seem obvious once you've heard them, but that still make you say, "Yes!! That's exactly it!"
Buried in here is a finding that I think is a "missing link" in leadership development. It's the idea that learning and doing are often the same activity for leaders and others who practice performing arts.
If you are a leader, Crucibles of Leadership will show you how to learn from your experience and get the most value and growth from it. If you are responsible for leadership development for others, you'll learn how to use the natural way that people learn to lead as a core of your program.
You'll get more from Crucibles of Leadership if you read Geeks and Geezers first.
19 Stars by Kevin Puryear will give you insight into how this all works in real life. The book outlines the careers of four senior US generals from the Second World War: George Marshall, Dwight Eisenhower, Douglas MacArthur, and George Patton.
Leaders at all Levels: Deepening Your Talent Pool to Solve the Succession Crisis by Ram Charan is the first book by a major leadership guru to discuss the development of leaders as an apprenticeship process.
Wally's Working Supervisor's Support Kit is a collection of information and tools to help working supervisors do a better job. It's based on what Wally's learned in over twenty years of supervisory skills training. Click here to check it out.
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Wally Bock has helped people learn to be great bosses for more than a quarter century. His latest book, Performance Talk: The One-on-One Part of Leadership, makes learning key leadership principles almost effortless by teaching through a story and providing lists of resources for further growth.
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Hi Wally:
I enjoyed your book review, and wanted to expand on one of your thoughts: "Practice can trump talent." I would say that practice can lead to the development of talent, and that developed talent will often times trump raw, undeveloped talent.
Talent in and of itself is only valuable if refined and harnessed. In my book "Leadership Matters...The CEO Survival Manual" I note that those CEOs who rest on the laurels of raw talent won't last long at the C-suite level.
Thanks Wally...
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Thanks for that comment, for coming by and sharing your comments. I want to note that the line you're reacting to is Robert Thomas', not mine. But, having said that I agree with what I think he's after.
Too much of the literature on leadership development seems to assume that the game is over about the time the hiring and selection of High Potential leaders is done. Thomas (and I) want to raise our hands and say, "Wait a minute. There's a lot of solid research that points to the idea that practice is more important for leadership development than talent alone."
As you rightly point out, a leader who relies on talent alone won't last long at the highest levels.
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Hi Wally:
Thanks for clearing-up my improper attribution. Nonetheless, it seems as if we are on the same page with regard to the value of ongoing professional development. Best wishes for continued success Wally...
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Steve & Wally,
I absolutely agree with your assessment. The extreme talent mentality (either you have or don't) creates a caste system. What I love about the U.S. is it was about the only land where most people (not all) were rewarded based on what they accomplished and how they treated others vs. perceived rights based on a number of subjective factors.
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Wally,
I appreciate the thoroughness of your treatment. It really helps to know what you are really going to get if you plop down the bucks. In this case, you've made me want to plop.
What I still struggle with is the apparent "Oh, look what I found!" of the link between doing and learning. Was it somehow assumed that "leaders," by virtue of their status, somehow learn their craft differently than the rest of humanity?
I think I'll choose to be thankful that this tome will make experiential believers out of a few more organizational folks. That would certainly be a win.
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I think this is definitely a book worth "plopping down" for.
I think the entire education and training establishment is biased in favor of classroom training and self-study materials compared with practical application. I had a great conversation years ago with a man who trained apprentice electricians. He told me that one of the biggest problems he had to overcome was that they showed up absolutely convinced that all they had to do was study something in the classroom in order to be able to do it.
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